Holding the copper

Almost every ruined board comes down to one question: does the machine know where the copper is, and will it still be there in ten minutes? The drawings are live: press the buttons and drag the sliders.

Novice or Pro?

Typing the sheet's corner and using screws or clamps are for Pro. In Novice the stock is taped and pushed into the bracket: see Mill a board.

1 · Hold it down

The lab uses two holds. Pick one, then tell SRM-CAM which, under Set up the job › The copper › Held down by: it decides whether the cut is deepened (section 3).

Tape, or four disc clampsTape holds the whole back flat. The discs press the edges in from all four sides; take one away and the board can slide and lift.

Best: double-sided tape

Lay double-sided tape across the whole back of the board and press it flat onto the spoilboard. It is the easiest to set up, and because the whole back is held, nothing can arch: the probed surface is the surface that gets cut. In SRM-CAM: Held down by › Bonded across the whole back (tape), which adds no extra depth. It is the default.

Second best: four disc clamps

  1. Beside the board, not through itEach clamp is a plastic disc with a chamfer round its side. Put its screw through a spoilboard grid hole just beside the board's edge, into the threads of the metal plate underneath.
  2. Turn it inTurn the disc until its chamfered side presses on the board's edge, pushing it down and in.
  3. One on every sideUse all four: the clamping force has to come from all sides, or the board slides away from the open side.
  4. Tell SRM-CAMHeld down by › Screwed or clamped at points. A board held at its edges can arch in the middle, so the cut is deepened a little (section 3).
A copper sheet on the SRM-20's spoilboard, with black disc clamps at its edges
Disc clamps at the edges of a sheet on the spoilboard.

2 · Tell SRM-CAM where the copper is

Under Set up the job › The copper: the board thickness from calipers, then the sheet's width and height. Then its front-left corner. Find the corner with the probe (the walk is on Milling a board), leave the bit there, and press Set the corner from the tool. It only reads the machine's X and Y: nothing moves, and the work origin is not touched. Then Where it sits on the bed › Centre it on the copper puts the job in the middle of the part of the sheet the spindle can reach.

Two truthsUntil the corner is set, SRM-CAM's copper is a placeholder at the machine origin, and its "on the copper" check is about a sheet nobody measured. Set the corner, then centre the job on the copper.
Centre on the copper, not the bed

Centre it on the bed puts the job in the middle of the machine's travel, which on a sheet clamped off to one side is bare spoilboard. Centre it on the copper is refused until the sheet's size and corner are set, because centring on a rectangle nobody measured means nothing.

3 · A board held at points gives under the cutter

Clamped at its edges, the board can arch over air between the clamps. The probe measures that arch with a static tool at almost no force; the cutter arrives spinning and pushing down, and the unsupported part gives a little instead of being cut. So, held at points, SRM-CAM deepens the cut:

  • Screwed or clamped at points, with the probe map applied: a quarter of the arch the map shows (what a flat, tilted plane cannot explain), capped at 0.12 mm, plus the 0.035 mm copper foil. The number is on the setup page.
  • The map not applied: nothing cancels the tilt, so the whole range of the map is charged, plus the foil. Apply the map.
  • Bonded across the whole back (tape, the lab's best hold): there is nowhere for it to go, so nothing is added.
The give, and what it costsDrag the arch and press Play, then switch to tape. A board that arches more than the cap wants re-fixing, not a deeper cut.

Untick Set up the job › The copper › Work the extra depth out from the probe map to set Cut deeper by yourself, down to nothing, if the board keeps coming out too deep or too shallow. How to measure the map is on Bed levelling.

4 · Prove it before you cut

Every single-sided export writes <name>_airpass.nc, step 0 of the plan: spindle off, bit held 5 mm up, tracing the outline slowly enough to follow. If it wanders off the copper, stop and re-place the stock. Twenty seconds, before every job.

Step 0With the copper where SRM-CAM thinks it is, the trace stays on it. With a sheet that shifted when it was clamped, the trace leaves the copper, and nothing has been cut yet.

Which one do I need?

SituationUse
Any board (the lab's routine)Double-sided tape across the back; set the corner from the tool, probe the bed, run the dry run
No tape to hand, or the board won't stay tapedFour disc clamps, one per side, and probe the bed so the extra depth is measured rather than guessed
Double-sidedDowel registration: see Double-sided boards
The app can also… (not the lab routine)

Set up the job › The copper › Held down with M4 screws screws the copper down through the board: Write the screw file… drills clearance holes in the copper over the spoilboard grid, and raises the lift to 4 mm to clear the screw heads. Machine › Export the bed fixture (pin holes)… drills dowel-pin holes into the spoilboard. Both procedures have you set the XY work origin, which the lab rule (X and Y stay at the machine origin) does not allow. Use tape or the disc clamps instead.

When you are done, leave the machine as you found it: Leave it as you found it.